by David Breitman
Throughout history, America has been somewhat of a social pioneer in the global community, a trailblazing force that routinely references “liberty,” “justice” and other inspiring verbiage thrown out by politicians around election time. The land of the free and the home of the brave offers opportunity without judgment and a chance for the best and brightest to be themselves while pursuing their passion. That is of course, unless they’re gay and their passion, in any way, involves sports.
It’s not exactly “Jon Daly back in rehab” levels of shocking to hear sports is not the mecca of acquiescence that various ESPN “Make a Wish” montages would have us believe, but it’s poignant to note that the historical path of the athletic world has occasionally been paved with benchmark moments of acceptance and instances of social progress. Jackie Robinson breaking the color barrier (following a delightful era of segregated “Negro Leagues” and rampant racism), as well as Danica Patrick, Michele Wie and alleged goaltender Manon Rheaume breaking a glass ceiling by competing with their male counterparts. Hell, there’s a guy who plays for the Los Angeles Kings from a possibly fictional country called Slovenia. Progress is progress, right?
However, despite the hundreds (well, dozens, anyway) of shining examples of delayed breakthrough, there is still one daunting question plaguing the sporting world: When will it be acceptable for gay people to thrive in sports?
IS GAY REALLY A FOUR-LETTER WORD?
“There’s definitely this weird form of irony in what you’re taught sports are supposed to be, and what they actually are,” says a high-ranking gay man who works for a popular NBA franchise. He prefers to remain anonymous, so let’s call him Mr. Smith. “I played basketball my entire life and was taught that sports are kind of a great equalizer. It didn’t matter who the rich kids, poor kids, black kids, white kids were. Everybody was just a player on the court. But after working in this business for a while, you start to learn that the purity I used to love isn’t really there.”
Smith, who came out of the closet just after his 16th birthday, explains that the complete lack of openly gay professional athletes in the four major sports (no, NASCAR isn’t one of them) has made it difficult for he and his brethren to hold front office or operational jobs.
“Gay athletes are afraid to come out of the closet because they’re terrified about getting ostracized or even traded because star players may have a problem with it,” says Smith. “So think about what it’s like to be a reporter or PR director for the team. I can tell you right now, not many players would want an openly gay reporter in their locker room after the game when they’re getting changed. And what do you think happens if the head coach tells the front office they want a certain person fired because the franchise player doesn’t want him around?”
But what would happen if the first active professional athlete in the NFL, MLB, NBA or NHL came out of the closet? Would that help pave the way?
“Sort of,” says Smith. “Jackie Robinson was persecuted in awful ways when he started out. When he came into the league there were no black managers or higher-ups with any team or anything. So I guess the thinking right now is that in order for it to be OK, someone is going to have to go through hell, then spend the next 30 years making it sort of acceptable for the rest of us to follow.”
Sounds both simple and horrible enough.
“Even if that happens, you’re still going to have this homophobic attitude,” he says. “Every athlete, at pretty much every level, has called someone a ‘fag’ or made fun of a teammate by calling him gay. There’s always going to be a homophobic undertone in sports, and that’s something that’s never going to change. It starts out with young kids and never goes away.”
HOMOPHOBIA, DISCRIMINATION AND ORANGE SLICES AT HALFTIME
Right next to a strip mall in an area of Downtown Los Angeles that city officials promise is trying really hard to reduce the number of random immigrant stabbings and meth-related suicides, there’s a billboard that says “Gay is Not an Insult.”
It’s part of a national campaign to make people aware that telling a 6-year-old child he’s “being a homo” because he refuses to come back into a soccer game after breaking his collarbone is wrong and offensive to the gay community. (Apparently we need a billboard to tell us this.)
“I remember being young and having a coach tell me to not ‘fag out’ on a play,” says Kevin Davis, a former junior hockey player. “You learn expressions like ‘don’t be so gay’ from the older kids you look up to before you even know what they mean. By the time you’re in high school, you find yourself throwing out terms like ‘fag’ and ‘homo’ without really thinking about it, because that’s just what you’ve heard since you were a kid.”
Davis claims that he’s a product of a country and a generation that has marginalized the meaning of homophobic slurs, creating a forum of passive discrimination that escalates in the world of sports. “I don’t think there are many guys in the locker room who actually hate homosexuals or have anything against them and that lifestyle,” he says. “But if there’s a guy in the room who’s secretly gay, he’s probably not going to want to come out, because he hears everyone throw around the word ‘fag’ all the time.”
Despite some obvious liberties with homophobia, Davis does make an interesting point. There’s nothing inherently discriminatory about sports. They aren’t designed to keep gay athletes from participating any more than they were to force African-American players into segregated leagues. It’s simply the societal structure surrounding the games that makes it virtually impossible for gay individuals to succeed. The problem isn’t in the game, but in the people involved with it.
IT'S ALL FUN AND GAMES UNTIL SOMEONE KILLS THEMSELVES OVER RAMPANT HOMOPHOBIA
Justin Fashanu is perhaps the greatest trailblazer the sporting world has ever known. He may not receive the posthumous acclaim of Arthur Ashe or Jack Johnson, but he had a far more impactful life than most people realize.
As the first black soccer player to receive a £1 million contract, Fashanu was somewhat of a pioneer for minority athletes as he became a European sports star. He broke a barrier, albeit paving the way for LeBron James to make $300 million doesn’t really tug at the heartstrings like a Gilbert Arenas unregistered weapons apology, but he was a hero within his community, nonetheless.
Fashanu enjoyed the spoils of professional success: cars, houses and a sense of superiority that go along with being able to kick a soccer ball really hard. He was on top of the world! That is, of course, until rumors began swirling that he wasn’t demeaning women and sleeping with aspiring actresses looking to blow their way to the head of a high-profile paternity suit like he was supposed to.
In his self-titled autobiography (Clough: The Autobiography), Fashanu’s team manager Brian Clough recalls a conversation he had with his star player about rumors surrounding his alleged trips to popular gay bars.
“Where do you go if you want a loaf of bread?” Clough asked him. “A baker’s, I suppose,” replied Fashanu. “Where do you go if you want a leg of lamb?” “A butcher’s.” “So why do you keep going to that bloody poofs’ club?” (For those who don’t own a Webster’s English-to-British homophobic slur dictionary, a “poof” is a derogatory term used to describe a gay man in jolly ol’ England.)
Just months after the conversation, Clough barred Fashanu from practicing with the squad and outlawed him from all team functions. Apparently, he was “unable to meet the demands and lifestyle” of playing Premiership soccer. Essentially, Clough had hung a big, bold “No gays allowed!” sign on the clubhouse door.
Fashanu was subsequently traded to another team, a trend that would occur nearly every season over the next eight years of his professional life. The talented forward, however, endured the criticism and swirling rumors in order to live out his dream as a professional athlete.
Then, in 1990, Fashanu found the courage to drop his public heterosexual charade and break the homosexuality barrier (yes, that’s a real thing …) by officially coming out of the closet to an English tabloid.
It probably could have gone a little better.
Upon his admission, dozens of players, coaches and media members criticized Fashanu, claiming that homosexually had no place in the game and that the once-celebrated star had betrayed everyone who had ever believed in him. His own brother even publicly disowned him during a national media tour in which he told every everyone who would listen what a degenerate embarrassment his big brother was.
Over the next decade, Fashanu was one of the top scorers in several different professional leagues, but failed to find a place in the locker room. He was shunned by teams in Scotland, England, Canada and eventually, even the United States, where he ended his battle for acceptance.
In 1998, while living in Ellicott , Md., a 17-year-old boy accused Fashanu of sexually assaulting him. Police investigated the claim, but never arrested the retired footballer, claiming that there was virtually no evidence to support the allegation.
The damage, however, had been done. Once news of the boy’s claims broke, Fashanu was forced to flee back to a small English town in order to avoid further embarrassment by the international media and its “profit first, verify later” strategy which both the Duke lacrosse team and Kobe Bryant give two ink-covered thumbs up to.
With the mounting pressure of public scrutiny and complete abandonment by his loved ones, Fashanu committed suicide shortly thereafter. The 37-year-old wrote a simple note, which he left next to his body, that said, “I do not want to give any more embarrassment to my friends and family.”
Fashanu’s death served as both a tragedy and a warning. He had become a reluctant martyr in the gay rights movement, thanks to the polarizing implications of his death. Rather than inspiring people to have the courage to be openly gay, he reminded them why doing so could cost more than they ever imagined. He had been the unwilling personification of everything that is wrong with the world of sports.
IS THERE ANY HOPE ... LIKE, AT ALL?
While the decidedly conservative crowds frequenting America’s stadiums don’t quite seem ready to embrace change, there are small signs of hope in the sporting community. Earlier this year, Welsh rugby legend Gareth Thomas shocked the world when he told a popular British newspaper that he had been living a lie, and was, in fact, gay.
“It was who I was, and I just couldn’t ignore it any more,” the hulking Lions’ captain told his fans via The Daily Mail. “I’d been through every emotion under the sun trying to deal with this. You wake up one morning thinking, ‘I can handle it. Everything is fine,’ and the next morning you don’t want anyone to see your face, because you think that if people look at you, they will know.”
Thomas explained that he lived in fear for years, wondering if his wife, teammates, friends and fans would ever find out. “I was like a ticking bomb. I thought I could suppress it, keep it locked away in some dark corner of myself, but I couldn’t,” he says.
One day it reached a breaking point and Thomas cracked. He confessed his homosexuality to his coach, Scott Johnson. [The following quotes were originally reported by the English paper, The Observer.] “He took me out of the team room to the medical room, locked the door and I told him everything. After keeping it secret for so long, I felt a huge rush of relief,” says Thomas. “Scott said, ‘Right, I’ve got to speak now to three or four players in the Welsh team, because you need the boys to surround you and support you. You can’t cope with this on your own,’ and he was right.”
Thomas says, “[Scott] told two of my teammates, Stephen Jones and Martyn Williams, and as I sat in the bar waiting for them, I was absolutely terrified, wondering what they were going to say. But they came in, patted me on the back and said, ‘We don’t care. Why didn’t you tell us before?’ I felt everyone was protecting me and closing in tight around me. No one distanced themselves from me, not one single person.”
Thomas says that he feels attitudes have changed over the years and wants other closeted athletes to understand that sexual preference is not a disqualification for athletics. “I’m not going on a crusade, but I’m proud of who I am. I feel I have achieved everything I could ever possibly have hoped to achieve out of rugby, and I did it [as a] gay. I want to send a positive message to other gay people that they can do it, too.”
In the hockey world, Brendan Burke (son of Canadian hockey overlord and highly respected general manager Brian Burke) had a similar story. As an assistant NCAA hockey coach and bearer of a deified hockey name, Burke was terrified to tell both his father and players that he was gay.
He wrestled with the decision for years, until eventually breaking down and confessing his orientation to a shockingly supportive father. “We still love you. This won’t change a thing,” the elder Burke told his son.
The self-described old Irish hockey dad claimed that nothing would ever alter the way he feels about his son. Brian Burke did, however, explain that his son’s deision to make the information public was a risky and potentially detrimental move, both on a professional and a personal level. “I would prefer Brendan hadn’t decided to discuss this issue in this very public manner,” he said in an ESPN interview. “There will be a great deal of reaction, and I fear a large portion will be negative. I wish this burden would fall on someone else’s shoulders, not Brendan’s. Pioneers are often misunderstood and mistrusted. But since he wishes to blaze this trail, I stand beside him with an axe.”
WILL THERE BE LESS SOUL-CRUSHING BIGOTRY IN THE FUTURE?
Though the road to acceptance certainly isn’t the path of least resistance, there have been some significant steps in recent years. Stories like those of Burke and Thomas create a sense of hope for the closeted athletes around the world. The question is, will there ever be enough headway made in order to give gay athletes the same professional respect and opportunities that their community enjoys in a variety of other vocations?
With the demonization of trailblazers like Fashanu, fear, hatred and unintentional homophobia indoctrinating youth sports, the fight to eradicate the anti-gay paradigm isn’t going to be easy. There are enough small minds and large obstacles that may keep the world of sports in the dark ages of discrimination. It seems like no matter how many minor battles the gay community collects, the war on intolerance is a daunting battle with no end in sight. It’s going to take a lot more courageous souls to come forward to fight for equality and the right to be themselves. After all, “to speak the truth is a painful thing, but to be forced to live a lie is much worse.” (That quote is from legendary playwright Oscar Wilde, who came out of the closet in an era when homosexuality was illegal.)
Written by: David Breitman